Tuesday, March 30, 2021

17 Interesting Korean Superstitions That Will Blow Your Mind

17 Korean Superstitions That Will Blow Your Mind

Korea, like any other culture, has some superstitious beliefs about luck, misfortune, and even death. Some of these superstitions fascinate me because they are also practiced here in the Philippines. Let's take a look at each of them individually, as well as the reasons for their existence.

#1 Shaking your leg shakes away your fortune

Shaking one's leg is associated with boredom and anxiety. Korean beliefs, on the other hand, are unique. In Korean culture, legs are a symbol of wealth and prosperity. Shaking your legs is a bad idea because it will make your luck fade. This superstition, I believe, is beneficial because it discourages people from shaking their legs in public or in private.

#2 Sleeping with the fan turned on is deadly

Some Koreans believe that sleeping with all of your windows and doors closed and an electric fan on will result in a lack of fresh air and oxygen. It is possible to die from suffocation or hypothermia. Although some claim that this belief spread in order to limit the use of electricity during the 1970s energy crisis. In the modern era, some fans have been designed with a timer to turn off when you go to sleep.

#3 Feeding your husband chicken wings is bad luck

If a wife feeds her husband chicken wings, it is believed that the husband will be unfaithful and flee. The same can be said about a boyfriend-girlfriend relationship.

#4 Writing a name in red is a bad idea

Writing a person's name in red ink means you're wishing him death or threatening him with death. The primary reason for this is that the names of the deceased are written in red in records and on funeral banners. It is thought that doing so wards off evil spirits, but when red ink is used to write the name of a living person, the opposite effect occurs. The only time red ink is acceptable is for a personal stamp that is used instead of a signature.

#5 You will wet the bed if you play with fire

Unlike the other superstitions, I couldn't find much information about this one's history. I suppose telling children that if they play with fire, they will wet the bed was the parents' way of discouraging them from doing so.

#6 Crows are associated with bad luck

Seeing a crow early in the morning, according to Korean superstitions, will result in a very bad day. Koreans, like people in other cultures, believe that blackbirds bring bad luck.


#7 Dreaming about pigs is a foreshadowing of good fortune.

Pigs are a symbol of wealth and fertility in Korea. Because the Chinese pronunciation of pig is similar to that of jade, the pig is synonymous with riches. Pigs were so expensive in the 1970s that students could pay for their education simply by selling one. Even today, many people believe that seeing a pig in a dream is a good omen. It is a sign that great fortune is on its way.

#8 The number 4 is synonymous with death

This superstition originated in China, where the word four resembles the word death. This, I believe, is shared by more than just Koreans and Chinese. It is also practiced in other Asian countries. In many buildings, the letter F, rather than the number 4, is used to denote the fourth floor. Doing big events on the 4th of the month is also avoided.

#9 Giving shoes for a gift is a big NO

This superstition states that if you give your lover a pair of shoes, he/she will run away from you. Likely in the same pair of shoes! So giving shoes as a gift should be out of the question unless you are giving the person a signal for a breakup.

#10 Nail trimming at night attracts doppelgangers

Don’t trim your nails at night. According to this belief, mice will eat your nail clippings and become your doppelganger if you cut your nails at night. They will go around doing evil things in a human form that looks like you before returning to steal your soul and identity. The main reason why people passed on this belief is to prevent people from injuring themselves while trimming nails at night when most Korean homes did not have electricity.

#11 Lying down right after eating will turn you into a cow

According to this superstition, if you lie down or sleep immediately after eating, you will turn into a cow. This was most likely made public to discourage people from lying down after eating because it is a sure way to gain weight. Scientifically, it’s also not recommended to lie down after a meal to allow your body to digest food and to avoid indigestion or heartburn.

#12 Taffy can get you through that exam

Eating sticky foods like taffy or sticky rice cake on exam days brings good luck. It is thought that if students eat something sticky, knowledge will stick in their minds as well. The superstition also states that eating slippery food, such as seaweed soup, will have the opposite effect. The student's knowledge will fade, and the student will fail the exam.

#13 Mirrors on front doors are unlucky.

Koreans avoid putting mirrors on their front doors because they believe it brings bad luck. If a mirror is placed on a front door, it will keep good luck away from their homes. It's as if the good fortune will bounce back instead of entering the house.

#14 Whistling late at night attracts ghosts.

Another eerie Korean superstition involves nighttime whistling. It is thought that doing so attracts spirits, ghosts, and other supernatural beings. As a result, whistling at night is strongly discouraged. Another version of this is that instead of a ghost, a snake appears. In any case, we might want to avoid whistling after dark.

#15 You may go blind if you touch a butterfly.

Butterflies are lovely, but this superstition warns us not to touch them. According to this Korean belief, if you touch a butterfly (or a moth) and then touch your eyes, you will go blind. This is similar to what our elders told us when we were children. When I was growing up in the Philippines, we were also taught to wash our hands immediately after touching a butterfly or a moth, or to avoid touching completely.

#16 Washing your hair washes your luck away

Though it's nice to start the New Year with clean hair, Koreans believe that washing your hair on the first day of the year will also wash away your luck. Similarly, some students will not wash their hair on exam days because it will wash away the knowledge they have gained from studying.

#17 Never Set Foot on a Threshold.

This superstition originated with the Mongol invasion of Korea. Previously, the remains of the deceased would be kept in their home for a period of time. Later, people will carry the body of the house in a coffin. This would imply letting go of all attachments to this world, with the front door threshold acting as a barrier between the living world and the afterlife. As a result, a living person stepping on the threshold is considered a bad omen.

That’s it for today! Do you also find these superstitions interesting? What Korean superstitions have you heard of? Let me know in the comment section below.


Sunday, March 28, 2021

Awesome Kitchen Storage Ideas on Lazada

 

Level up your kitchen area with these awesome kitchen storage ideas that can be found on Lazada. You can get tasteful, functional, and sturdy items without breaking the bank.

What is the best kitchen storage? The best kitchen storage is one that could organize all your kitchen stuff, can hold your kitchen appliances like a microwave oven, a coffee maker, and the likes. An organized kitchen saves you time, creates less stress, and is easier to clean when cooking. I have prepared a list of kitchen shelves and other organizers that could help you achieve your dream minimalist kitchen.

These products are affordable and can be found on Lazada PH. You can order them with just a  few clicks and have them delivered to you in an instant.


1. Four-Layer Kitchen Shelf with Cabinet

This shelf is made of wood and metal. Power coating made this storage shelf elegant, anti-rust, and anti-corrosion.  This is multi-purpose and can be used as a shoe rack, closet storage shelf, kitchen storage shelf, entryway storage shelf, even as pot shelves. You can use it in your home, office, dorm, open balcony, or garden. It comes in colors: cream, and dark brown.

Its size is 118cm length x 60cm width.

Check this out for only  ₱1,695 on Lazada at 68% OFF.
 
You can order by clicking here.


 

2. Folding Storage Rack With Wheels For Space Saving

This item is made of carbon steel and available in 3 layers to 5 layers. It can bear a load of 150 kilograms. Its unique structure provides an open display rack, shelves provide easy storage and display for decorative and home living accessories. Suitable for rooms needing vertical storage area. Designed to meet the demand for low-cost but durable and efficient furniture.
Check this out for only  ₱1,148 on Lazada at 43% OFF. Click here to order.

3. Under Sink 2-Tier Kitchen Cabinet With Sliding Drawer

This storage rack is made of carbon steel and coated with an outer protective layer. 2 tiers can all be pulled out and be disassembled. It has raised guardrails to prevent stuff from falling. It's available in both black and white.

Check out for only ₱1,158.64 on Lazada.
 Click here to order.

4. Multi-functional 5 tier Kitchen Pot Rack

This product is easy to assemble and a space-saving kitchen storage rack. Its structure is simple, and everything you need to make out racks together comes to you in the package. No tools are required, within just a couple of minutes to assemble. This is such a good helper to make your kitchen beautiful and organized. 

Check this out for only ₱358.20 on Lazada at 69% OFF. Click here to order.




 




 








Monday, June 15, 2020

100 Essential Korean Adjectives (complete list)



KOREAN ADJECTIVES 

1. 괜찮다: to be alright, ok 
2. 좋다: to be good, fine
3. 어렵다:  to be difficult
4. 쉽다: to be easy 
5. 재미있다: to be interesting
6. 재미없다: to not be interesting 
7. 아름답다: to be beautiful
8. 예쁘다: to be pretty
9. 귀엽다: to be cute
10. 잘생기다: to be good looking
11. 못생기다: to be ugly
12. 다르다: to be different
13. 같다: to be the same 
14. 뚱뚱하다: to be fat, overweight
15. 통통하다: to be chubby
16. 날씬하다: to be slim, slender
17. 깡마르다: to be skinny, scrawny 
18. 튼튼하다: to be strong, sturdy
19. 씩씩하다: to be brave
20.똑똑하다: to be smart, clever
21. 멍청하다: to be stupid, foolish 
22. 약하다: to be weak, feeble
23. 건강하다: to be healthy 
24. 행복하다: to be happy
25. 기쁘다: to be glad, happy
26. 화나다: to be angry
27. 슬프다: to be sad
28. 아프다: to be sick, painful
29. 피곤하다: to be tired, exhausted
30. 배가 고프다: to be hungry
31. 목이 마르다: to be thirsty
32. 졸리다: to be sleepy
33. 걱정하다: to be worried
34. 무섭다: to be scared
35. 짜증나다: to be annoyed
36. 놀라다: to be surprised
37. 수줍다: to be shy
38. 심심하다: to be bored
39. 지루하다: to be boring, dull
40. 조용하다: to be quiet
41. 시끄럽다: to be loud, noisy
42. 뜨겁다 to be hot
43. 따뜻하다: to be warm
44. 차갑다: to be cold
45. 시원하다: to be cool, refreshing
46. 신선하다: to be fresh
47. 크다: to be big
48. 작다: to be small
49. 많다: to be lots, many
50. 적다: to be few, little
51. 좁다: to be narrow
52. 넓다: to be wide, broad
53. 덥다: to be hot (regarding weather)
54. 뜨겁다: to be hot (regarding touch, objects)
55. 따뜻하다: to be warm (regarding both weather and objects)
56. 춥다: to be cold (regarding weather)
57. 차갑다: to be cold, icy, chilly (regarding touch, objects)
58. 싸늘하다: to be chilly, frosty
59. 습하다: to be damp, moist, humid
60. 건조하다: to be dry
61. 흐리다: to be cloudy
62. 깨끗하다: to be clean
63. 더럽다:  to be dirty
64. 빠르다: to be fast
65. 천천하다: to be slow
66. 느리다: to be slow
67. 급하다: to be urgent
68. 늦다: to be late
69. 이르다: to be early
70. 싸다: to be cheap
71. 비싸다: to be expensive
72. 새롭다: to be new, fresh
73. 오래되다: to be old (regarding objects)
74. 쓰다: to be bitter
75. 짜다: to be salty
76. 시큼하다: to be sour
77. 맵다: to be spicy
78. 달콤하다: to be sweet
79. 기름지다: to be fatty, greasy, oily
80. 맛있다: to be delicious, tasty
81. 맛없다: to be not tasty, not delicious
82. 가득하다: to be full, crammed
83. 비어 있다: to be empty
84. 나쁘다: to be bad, poor
85. 딱딱하다: to be hard, stiff
86. 뾰족하다: to be sharp, pointed
87. 부드럽다: to be soft
88. 말랑하다: to be soft, tender, ripe
89. 촉촉하다: to be moist
90. 축축하다: to be damp, clammy, wet
91. 젖다: to get wet, damp
92. 건조하다: to be dry, arid
93. 미끄럽다: to be slippery
94. 편하다: to be comfortable
95. 불편하다: to be uncomfortable
96. 이상하다: to be weird, strange
97. 복잡하다: to be jammed, crowded
98. 편리하다: to be convenient
99. 착하다: to be good-natured, nice
100. 비열하다: to be mean, nasty

Saturday, May 2, 2020

Top 100+ Basic Korean Verbs




하다 to do
가다 to go
오다 to come
먹다 to eat
마시다 to drink 

있다 to have
없다 to not have 
살다 to live
만들다 to make
요리하다 to cook 

사다 to buy
팔다 to sell
주문하다 to order
내다 to pay
준비하다 to prepare 

쉬다 to rest
자다 to sleep
일어나다 to get up, to wake up 
좋아하다 to like, enjoy.
싫어하다 to hate, to dislike  

보다 to watch  
운동하다 to exercise 
연습하다 to practice
걷다 to walk 
경험하다 to experience

만나다 to meet 
소개하다 to introduce 
인사하다 to greet  
전화하다 to make a phone call 
초대하다 to invite

읽다 to read
가르치다 to teach
공부하다 to study
적다 to write down 
배우다 to learn

알다 to know 
모르다 to not know 
생각하다 to think
성공하다 to succeed
실패하다 to fail  

신다 to wear (footwear)
입다 to wear 
사용하다 to use 
청소하다 to clean
씻다 to wash 

노래하다 to sing
춤추다 to dance
웃다 to smile, to laugh
울다 to cry, to weep
이야기하다 to talk

타다 to get on, to ride
내리다 to get off
운전하다 to drive 
도착하다 to arrive 
출발하다 to depart 

설명하다 to explain 
잊어버리다 to forget 
기억하다 to remember  
포기하다 to give up
계속하다 to continue 

늦다 to be late
기다리다 to wait
걱정하다 to worry (about) 
따라가다 to follow 
물어보다 to ask 

여행하다 to travel 
나가다 to go out, to leave 
들어가다 to enter, to go in
떠나다 to leave 
방문하다 to visit 

듣다 to listen, to hear 
필요하다 to need
빌리다 to borrow, lend
주다 to give
도와주다 to help 

닫다 to close 
열다 to open 
넣다 to put (in)  
정리하다 to arrange/organize  
시작하다 to start 

끝나다 to finish  
멈추다 to stop 
일하다 to go to work 
놀다 to play, to hang out with 
실수하다 to make a mistake 

거짓말하다 to tell a lie
확인하다 to confirm, to check
믿다 to believe 
후회하다 to regret
이해하다 to understand

놀라다 to be surprised 
화나다 to be angry  
말씀하다 to say, to speak
대답하다 to answer, to reply
도망가다 to run away 

사라지다 to disappear 
잃어버리다 to lose something 
조심하다 to be careful 
찾다 to search for 
데려오다 to bring, to fetch 

다치다 to be hurt/wounded 
미치다 to go crazy
버리다 to throw away, abandon
미워하다 to hate 
사랑하다 to love 

선택하다 to choose, to select 
결혼하다 to marry 
이혼하다 to divorce 
싸우다 to fight, to argue 
죄송하다 to be sorry

약속하다 to promise 
죽다 to die
태어나다 to be born

Friday, May 1, 2020

Drama Review: Reply 1988 (응답하라 1988)


REASONS WHY YOU SHOULD WATCH REPLY 1988 (응답하라 1988)

Reply 1988 is one of my most favorite Korean dramas of all time. There are actually a whole lot reasons why you should watch it. Let me name a few without giving away some spoilers. 😉

Genre: Family, Comedy, Romance 


1. Perfect Setting

Reply 1988 gives you a nice look back at the year 1988 in Seoul. It follows the lives of 5 families living on the same street in a neighborhood called Ssangmundong.

The attention to details put in by the staff was indeed fascinating. TV shows, commercials, all the old stuff shown in the drama played an important role, giving that authentic 1988 vibe. The charcoal briquettes were my favorite and by far, the most fascinating to me. Some stuff I've already encountered in my childhood. 

2.  Excellent Cinematography 

The lighting and filters used, the camera motion, camera angles- every on-screen visual element was perfect. Just the cinematography itself tells a story. Even without words, you feel the emotion. It creates the mood. Without good cinematography, the story couldn't be told as easily. 

3. Amazing Cast

The drama is jam-packed with amazing and talented actors. They have Sung Dong-il, Ra Miran, Ryu Jun-hyeol, Park Bo-gum, and Hyeri to name a few. The staff did a good job at the cast selection. Each character was portrayed very well.

Fun Fact: I just realized all the parents used their real name. Just like how Sung Dong-il and Lee Il-hwa used their names on all three Reply series. 

4. Relatable Characters 

Reply 1988 will give you a glimpse of each characters conflict. You'll be able to see how their personalities develop, and how they deal with these conflicts. Everyone would be able to relate as the drama is a perfect balance of the life of everyone in Ssangmundong. Each character is memorable and was consistent throughout the drama.

5. Real Life Lessons

It tackles almost every aspect of life. It touches values regarding love, friendship, family, coming of age, dreams, and even aging. It shows you how friends and family are in the smallest and biggest events in our life. Reply 1988 is surely an eye-opener. 

6. Brilliant and Meaningful Plot

The drama leaves a significant impact. It's one of those few dramas that you don't want to end. But just like life, it goes on and you have to move forward. The drama gives you a longing feeling, something that would make you want to go back to your younger years. The writers succeeded in captivating the viewers' heart. Each episode ends in a light yet gripping cliffhanger making you want for more.  There are a lot of heartwarming and heartbreaking breaking scenes ahead, so make sure you have your tissues ready. 

7. Nostalgic Background Music

The choice of background music was indeed perfect. Some would take you down to memory lane, some would make you want to fall in love. Music comes in at the right time and at the right moment in the drama. Each one really captures the heart. 

8. Epic Love Story

The love story among the teens are really lovely. It makes you look back on your high school days, think of your puppy love. There are parts that would make you cry but as the story progresses, you realize that everything just works out well. Sung Dukseon is just incredible. You'll know why once you see the drama. 

9. Bittersweet Ending 

All I can say is that I enjoyed the ending. It was perfect. Hands down to the team!

One thing is for sure, Reply 1988 is a masterpiece. In my opinion, this is the best among all three Reply series. 

Tuesday, April 28, 2020

Korean Words Associated with Covid-19


The spread of the Covid-19 has been affecting millions of people around world. During this time that we are often inside our homes than out, let's take this opportunity to talk about this timely topic in the language we're learning.

I have prepared a list of Covid-19 related words in Korean. This list might help you communicate better with your Korean friends or family.

1. 코로나19 - korona il-gu (Covid19) 

2. 코로나바이로스감염증-19  - korona bairoseu gamyeomjeung-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019)

3. 격리  - gyeongni (quarantine, isolation) 

4. 자가 격리  -  jaga gyeongni (home quarantine) 

5. 사회적 거리 두기  -  sahoejeok geori dugi (social distancing) 

6. 마스크  -  maseukeu (mask) 

7. 방역  -  bangyeok (prevention of disease, disinfection)

9. 음성  -  eumseong (negative case) 

10. 양성  -  yangseong (positive case) 

11. 확진  -  hwakjin (being confirmed, definite diagnosis) 

12. 확진자  -  hwakjinja (confirmed case) 

13. 소독 sodok (disinfection) 

14. 소독약  -  sodokyak (disinfectant) 

15. 살균  -  salgyun (sterilization) 

16. 감염  -  gamyeom (infection) 

17. 진단 키트  -  jindan kiteu (test kit) 

18. 손 소독제  -  son sodokje (hand sanitizer) 

19. 사재기하다  -  sajaegi hada (to panic-buy)

20. 증상  -  jeungsang (symptom)

21. 회복  -  hoebok (recovery)


That's all. For any questions, feel free to comment below. Stay home and stay safe! 

Sunday, April 26, 2020

The World Of The Married: Why You Should Watch It?




The World Of The Married is based on the UK TV series Doctor Foster. It tells the story of a doctor, Ji Sun-woo, who believes she's living a perfect life until she finds out that her husband, Lee Tae-ho, is having an affair. It airs every Friday and Saturday on JTBC at 10:50 p.m. KST.

The series is now the third highest-rated Korean drama in cable TV in terms of average nationwide TV ratings, preceded by Sky Castle and Crash Landing On You. That means, a lot of people are hooked to this drama.

Some of you might be skeptical about watching this so let me provide you 3 reasons why you should watch The World of the Married. Just three that would surely make you want to watch it. 

1. Well-written Storyline

This is not your usual love affair story. In this drama, there's no such thing as beating around the bush. No dull moments, nothing unnecessary. The powerful storytelling engages the viewers. The fast-paced plot would always send you over to the edge of your seat. One moment, your mind's flooded with curiosity; the next you're fuming in anger. This drama is sure one rollercoaster ride. 



2. Astonishing Performance

The drama is filled with the best stars who handle their roles amazingly. They make you empathize them, hate them, even loathe them. Each character is portrayed greatly that some actresses even receive hate comments on their social media. Talk about effective acting. *wink*


3. Gives Real Life Lessons

The World of the Married shows a harsh reality of marriage, parenting, and friendship. It shows you a completely different perspective. I love how they don't sugarcoat anything, and teaches the viewers that life isn't just all butterflies. Like, every choice has a consequence, and not everyone can be trusted. It's very relatable. 


The World of the Married deserves all the commendations it has been getting. I'm sure there will be more to come in this drama. 

Saturday, April 25, 2020

Counting in Korean: Native Korean System

There are 2 ways of counting numbers in Korean. We have the Sino-Korean counting system, then the Native Korean counting system. These two have different uses. 

The Native Korean numbers are used for counting from 1-99. While the Sino-Korean counting which was based on Chinese numbers are used for dates, phone numbers, and numbers above 100.

In this article, you'll be able to learn the numbers, their counting units, and how to use them.

Let's begin with the Native Korean counting system.

By memorizing the numbers above, you'll be able to form numbers from 1 to 99. Very easy, right?

Let me show you an example.

To get the number 23, you will need to put together 스물 (20) and 셋 (3). Therefore, 23 is 스물 셋 in Korean.

More examples:

18 = 열 (10) and 여덟 (8)
     = 열여덟 (yeol yeodeol)

59 = 쉰 (50) + 아홉 (9)
     = 쉰 아홉 (shin ahop)

94 = 아흔 (90) + 넷 (4)
     = 아흔 넷 (aheun net)

It's actually so simple as long as you know all the numbers listed above.

Now, counting in Korean is pretty much the same as counting in English. We use specific counting units or counter nouns to a certain type of item. Like in English, pairs, sheets, packs, etc.

When counting using Native Korean numbers, take note that the last letter of the syllable of the following numbers are omitted when added to a counting unit.

1, 2, 3, 4 and 20.

1 하나 becomes
2 둘 becomes
3 셋 becomes
4 넷 becomes
20 스물 becomes 스무

Native Korean Counting Units 

~ 개 used for objects in general 
* If you don't know which counting unit to use, use this. 
  사과 다섯 개 5 apples
  연필 세 개 3 pencils 


~ 마리 for counting animals 
  곰 네 마리 4 bears
  물고기 열 마리 10 fishes

* also used often to order things like chicken
 양념 치킨 한 마리 주세요. (One seasoned chicken, please.)


~ 병 bottles
 소주 다섯 병 5 bottles of soju
 콜라 한 병 a bottle of cola 
 맥주 두 병  2 bottles of beer


~ 켤레 pairs (of shoes and socks)
  양말 네 컬레   4 pair of socks 
  운동화 한 켤레   a pair of running shoes


~ 조각 slices/pieces 
* used with pizza, cake, or bread 
빵 두 조각   2 slices of bread


~ 대 machines/vehicles
  냉장고 한 대   one fridge 
  자전거 네 대   4 bicycles


~ 그릇 bowls 
  비빔밥 두 그릇  2 bowls of bibimbap
  라면 한 그릇   a bowl of ramen

** use 공기 when referring to rice. 공기 can only be used for rice. 


~ 장 thin sheets/flat objects 
 우표 두 장   2 stamps 
  종이 네 장  4 sheets of paper


~ 상자 or 박스 for boxes 
  오렌지 한 상자  a box of orange


~ 시간 hours (duration) 
 세 시간 3 hours 
 열두 시간 12 hours 


~ 시 o'clock 
 열한시 11 o'clock (written as 11시)
 여덟시  8 o'clock (8시)


~ 잔 for glasses or cups
  커피 두 잔  two cups of coffee
  소주 한 잔  a glass of soju


~ 살 years of age 
  일흔 살  70 years old 
  스무 살  20 years old 


~ 명 people/person (same as 사람)
  학생 다섯명 5 students
  한 명 one person


~ 사람 people/person
*literally means person and unlike 명, this can be used alone
 example: 저도 한국 사람이에요. I am also a Korean person. 


~ 권 for books
  영어 책 세권  an English book 
  소설책 두 권  2 novels


~ 분 people (honorific form)
* when referring to people using this counter noun, always use Native Korean numbers. This would have a different meaning once a Sino-Korean number is used.

example at a restaurant:
waiter to a customer, 몇 분이세요? (How many are you?)

You can use this when you're talking about people who are of higher rank or older than you. 
선생님 세 분 3 teachers 
할머니 여섯 분 6 grandmothers


~ 송이 bunch of fruits
 바나나 한 송이  a cluster of bananas
 포도 두 송이  a bunch of grapes


~ 번 number of times
  한번  one time
  두번  two times

* be careful in using 번 since this counting unit is also used in the Sino-Korean counting system but with a different meaning.  

There! That ends our Native Korean system counting lesson. I've prepared a chart for reference. 


In the next article, as a continuation of this topic, we'll be talking about the Sino-Korean counting system

Stay tuned! 'Til next time! 

Sunday, April 19, 2020

Study Hanguel, the Korean Alphabet Part 2 (Consonants)

Study Hanguel Part 1 (Vowels): Click here.

CONSONANTS (자음)

There are 19 consonants in the Korean Alphabet. They are divided into 14 basic consonants and 5 double consonants. These consonants can't be used alone. Thus, they must be placed into a word block or syllable with a vowel. 

These are the 14 basic consonants:
ㄱ   ㄴ   ㄷ   ㄹ   ㅁ   ㅂ   ㅅ
ㅇ   ㅈ   ㅊ   ㅋ   ㅌ   ㅍ   ㅎ

These consonants can be used before or after a vowel. If a consonant is placed before a vowel, it is called a beginning or initial consonant. 

When used as an initial consonant, these are the sound the consonants produce:
ㄱ  = [k/g] 
ㄴ  = [n]
ㄷ  = [d/t] 
ㄹ  = [r/l]
ㅁ  = [m]
ㅂ  = [b/p]

ㅅ  = [s/sh]  * pronounced as sh when followed by the vowel ㅣ (i). Therefore 시 is read as "shi".

 ㅇ = has no sound**

**It just serves as a placemarker because every syllable must start with a consonant. In syllables that begin with this consonant the first sound pronounced is the vowel.
ex: 우유 = uyu (milk) 

ㅈ  = [ts/dz]
example: 사자 = saja (lion)

The remaining basic consonants are aspirated. They are pronounced with the sound of a breath or the letter "h". 
 

ㅊ = [tsh/ch] 
ㅋ = [kh
ㅌ = [th
ㅍ = [ph]
ㅎ = [h]

Vocabulary
나라 = nara (country) 
야구 = yagu (baseball) 
오리 = ori (duck) 
비누 = binu (soap) 
치마 = chima (skirt) 
두부 = dubu (tofu) 
바지 = paji (pants) 
소리 = sori (sound) 
포도 = podo (grapes) 
네모 = nemo (square)

5 Double Consonants
These consonants have tensed sound and are strongly articulated.

ㄲ = [k'] 
ㄸ = [t'] 
ㅃ = [p'] 
ㅆ = [s'] 
ㅉ = [ts']

Now that we have finished all the initial consonants, it's time to study about the ending or final consonants. 

All consonants, except for ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅉ, can be attached to the bottom of the syllable. They are called ending or final consonants. However, there are only 7  different ways of pronouncing all final consonants.

The final consonant is pronounced linked when it meets a vowel. The sound is carried to the next syllable. 

example:
음악 = eum-ak (music) 
** when you read it, it is pronounced as 으막 (eu-mak).

한국어 = han-guk-eo (korean language) 
** 한구거 (han-gu-keo)

할아버지 = har-a-beo-ji (grandfather)
** 하라버지 (ha-ra-beo-ji)

앉아요 = anj-a-yo (sit)
** 안자요 (an-ja-yo)

So, that ends our lesson. I hope you learned something from this. Til next time! 

Study Hanguel, the Korean Alphabet Part 1 (Vowels)

1. 모음과 자음 Vowels and consonants

2. 한국어의 음절 구성 Korean syllables

Korean syllables are made in 4 different manners.

(1) 모음 (vowel
example: 아, 오

(2) 자음 + 모음 (consonant + vowel) example: 나, 코

(3) 모음 + 자음 (vowel + consonant) example: 안, 운

(4) 자음 + 모음 + 자음 (consonant + vowel + consonant) 
example: 강, 곰

O before a vowel has no sound value. 
example: 아 is read as "ah", 오 is read as "o" 

A syllable is composed in the vertical or horizontal order.

Vertical vowels are written on the right side of the initial consonant. 
ㅏ, ㅑ, ㅓ, ㅕ, ㅣ, ㅐ, ㅒ, ㅔ, ㅖ 
= 아, 야, 어, 이, 애, 얘, 에, 예
(a, ya, eo, i, ae, yae, e, ye) 

Whereas, horizontal vowels are written under the consonant. 
 ㅗ, ㅛ, ㅜ, ㅠ, ㅡ 
= 오, 요, 우, 우, 으
(o, yo, u, yu, eu) 

VOWELS
The 21 vowels in Hangeul are divided into 10 basic vowels and 11 double vowels. 

Basic Vowels 
Double Vowels

Vocabulary:
와요 wa-yo (to come) 
아이 a-i (child) 
우유 u-yu (milk) 
예 ye (yes) 
왜 wae (why) 
위에 wi-e (on top of) 

Til next time! 👋

Study Korean Alphabet Part 2: Click here

Thursday, April 16, 2020

How To Introduce Yourself in Korean?

Meeting new Korean friends? A good way to break the ice is to create small talks in Korean. I bet your friends would be amazed! 

As the saying goes, "You never get a second chance to make a great first impression." So, I prepared phrases that you could use to help your friends get to know you more. Let's get to it! 

Introducing Oneself in Korean

English 한국어 (Korean) Romanization

Hello 안녕하세요? annyeong haseyo? 
Nice to meet you 만나서 반가워요 mannaseo bangawoyo
What is your name? 이름이 뭐예요? ireumi mwoyeyo?
My name is _______ 제 이름은 _______이에요 je ireumeun _______ieyo

Where are you from? 어디에서 왔어요? eodieseo wasseoyo?
I’m from _______ 저는 _______에서 왔어요 jeoneun _______eseo wasseoyo
Where do you live? 어디에 사세요? eodie saseyo?
What is your nationality?, 어느 나라 사람이에요?  eoneu nara saramieyo?
I am _____.  저는 (country) 사람이에요. jeoneun (country) saramieyo. 

To help you with this, I made a list of countries where you might be from. Some of them are easy to remember since they sound almost just the same as their English counterpart.

Canada: 캐나다 kaenada
England: 영국 yeongguk
South Korea: 한국 hangguk
America: 미국 miguk
Ireland: 아일랜드 airlaendeu
Japan: 일본 ilbon
New Zealand: 뉴질랜드 nyujilaendeu
India: 인도 indo
China: 중국 jungguk
Australia: 호주 hoju
Thailand: 태국 taeguk
The Philippines: 필리핀 pilipin
Russia: 라시아 rasia
Germany: 독일 dogil
Singapore: 싱가포르 shinggaporeu

How old are you? 몇 살이에요? myeot sarieyo?
I’m _______ years old 저는 _______살이에요 jeoneun _______sarieyo

What is your job? 무슨 일 하세요? museun il haseyo?
I am a/an _____. 저는 _____이에요/예요. jeoneun ____ ieyo.

Samples:
Student: 학생 haksaeng
Doctor: 의사 uisa
Nurse: 간호사 ganhosa
Assistant/Secretary: 비서 biseo
Cook: 요리사 yorisa
Driver: 운전기사 unjeongisa

I can’t speak Korean well 한국말 잘 못해요 hangungmal jal mothaeyo
I’m learning Korean these days 요즘 한국말 배워요 yojeum hangungmal baewoyo

Really? 정말요? jeongmallyo?
Are you married? 결혼했어요? gyeolhonhaesseoyo?
Do you like ____? ____를 좋아해요? ____reul joahaeyo?
I like ____ ____를 좋아해요 ____reul joahaeyo

There are different types of formality in Korean. In this article, we used the most common and the safest form, the polite informal way of speaking.

Essential Korean Phrases for Beginners


First-time traveling to Korea? Want to impress your Korean friends? Or living in Korea and still struggling with the language barrier? Come on in and I've prepared a list of essential phrases that could help you get by in your next adventure in Korea.

I've put together a list in English and in Hangul (Korean Alphabet). In case you haven't mastered reading in Korean yet, I've also included romanization for convenience. You'll need most of these phrases on a daily basis. 

Since there are different forms of Korean, you might hear a more polite version or a more casual version of these phrases. 

Here they are! 

English 한국어 (Korean) Romanization

Hello 안녕하세요? annyeonghaseyo?
Yesne
No 아니오 anio
Thank You 감사합니다 kamsahamnida
Sorry 미안합니다 mianhamnida

Excuse me (to get attention) 저기요 jeogiyo
That’s Okay 괜찮아요 gwaenchanayo
Hello (on phone) 여보세요 yeoboseyo
How much is this? 이거 얼마예요? igeo eolmayeyo?
What is this? 이게 뭐예요 ige mwoyeyo

Where is the ______?   ______ 어디에 있어요? ______   eodie isseoyo?
Please speak slowly 천천히 말해 주세요 cheoncheonhi malhae juseyo
I can’t speak Korean 한국말을 못해요 hangungmareul mothaeyo
Please write it down 적어 주세요 jeogeo juseyo
Please repeat that 다시 말해 주세요 dasi malhae juseyo

Goodbye (to person leaving) 안녕히 가세요 annyeonghi gaseyo
Goodbye (to person staying) 안녕히 계세요 annyeonghi gyeseyo
Just a moment! 잠깐만요! jamkkanmanyo!
I don’t know 몰라요 mollayo
I know 알아요 arayo

Can you speak English? 영어를 할 수 있어요? yeongeoreul hal su isseoyo?
I can speak a little Korean 한국말을 조금 할 수 있어요 hangungmareul jogeum hal su isseoyo
How do you say _______ in Korean? _______이 한국말로 뭐예요? _______i hangungmallo mwoyeyo?
Take me to ____ (when riding a taxi) 병원에 가주세요 _____e gajuseyo

I feel sick 저는 아파요 jeoneun apayo
Don’t worry! 걱정 하지 마세요! geokjeong haji maseyo!
No problem 문제 없어요 munje eopseoyo


Now, you already have phrases that can help you in simple interactions and short conversations. Good luck! 

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